The Importance of Customs and Courtesies in the Army free essay sample

The Importance of Customs and Courtesies in the Army Customs and courtesies have been a part of many military and government settings for centuries; some even running back to ancient roman times. A custom is an established practice. They include both positive actions and taboos (things you do and things you avoid doing). Some examples of customs that we practice in todays military include; never criticize the Army or a leader in public, never wear a superiors rank by saying something like, the first sergeant says to do this when he aid no such thing: you should speak with your own voice, do not run indoors at the sound of reveille or retreat, and never avoid an officer or the nations flag to avoid saluting. Discipline is maintained with courtesy among armed forces members. Good human relations are based from courteous behavior. This discipline and good relations is even instilled in us as children. We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Customs and Courtesies in the Army or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When we were young our parents taught us to address elders as sir or mam. This is a courtesy we use today to address officers. Courtesy is an integral part of serving in uniform. It should be known though, Military courtesy is a two way street and should be practiced back and forth through the ranks. It is a privilege for an officer to be saluted by the lower enlisted, not a chore of those lower enlisted. For military courtesy, mutual respect is a vital part. It is exampled in FM 7-21. 3 chapter 4 that a PFC passing an officer outside had full hands and could not render a salute at the time, but greeted him still with the greeting of the day. Though the lower enlisted did not salute the officer was still required to render a salute to the lower enlisted. This is because, as said before, it is not a chore of the lower enlisted to salute, it is a privilege and the salute goes both ways as a sign of respect. There are times when a soldier doesnt have to salute because the situation Jus t does not permit it. A soldier does not have to salute when working, is indoors, or when there are hands are full. Times when a service member should salute include; to uncased National colors outdoors, at reveille and retreat ceremonies, and when turning over control of formations. There are many other ourtesies in our army. Some are more practiced than others. It is known and taught early in a soldiers carrier that they are to stand at parade rest when addressing an NCO until otherwise ordered. This courtesy is also to be practiced between NCOs. The officers equivalent to this is the position of attention, and it is to be practiced by all service members lower than the addressing officers rank. Lack of this in a unit is a lack in discipline. There are courtesies listed in FM 7-21. 13 that we dont actually use that often, or have been washed down. For example, when an officer enters a room the first service member to notice is supposed to call the room to attention. This courtesy seems to only be held to the commander of a troop or unit and not to any other officers i. e. the XO or Platoon Leaders. The same is expected with all NCOs with the room being called to the position of at ease, it seems that this courtesy has been left only to the Command Sergeant Major of a unit. Courtesies have the right to change over time, as is exampled. One known instance of this is the case of the hand salute. When it was first implemented, in the late Roman Empire assassinations were common, and If a citizen wanted to see a public official they were to raise there right hand to show that they came unarmed. Later Knights would raise the visor to their helmets in a show of respect to other knights. Obviously assassinations are not a prevalent threat nowadays nor visors on our Kevlars or patrol caps, so obviously with a changing environment customs have the right to change. There are many other customs and courtesies that arent always used today with our changing Army. Walking to the left of the higher ranking service member between NCOs and Officers isnt commonly implemented and enforced. Any time it does happen theres a great chance that it was purely accidental. When entering or exiting a vehicle the higher ranking member is required to be the last to enter and the first to exit. This custom isnt used anymore today as well. A tradition is the transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation, or the fact being passed on this way. The army is full of traditions and they are what build the pride with in every soldier. In the cavalry, one tradition held to is the use of spurs and Stetsons. Before military vehicles were prevalent and even up until the first gulf war, cavalry scouts utilized horses for navigating rough terrain. Even earlier the cavalry soldiers main purpose was to be a unit that could move quickly across the battle field. The Stetson and spurs were a common part of the cavalry soldiers uniform, and though we dont ride horses into battle or even wear spurs and Stetsons while engaging the enemy we do hold to the tradition of wearing these items on or with our dress uniforms. Traditions like these are specific to certain MOSs and can even be to individual units. The bugle call is an example of an army tradition that is practiced throughout it entirely. All Army installations still use these musical pieces to call for wake up call, lunch, and dinner time. Traditions and courtesies are important to our army because they instill the pride of serving the nation as well as the discipline that a soldier is expected to display. There is no chance that an army without these could exist for, they are the hidden framework behind our actions.

International Marketing Management Essays

International Marketing Management Essays International Marketing Management Essay International Marketing Management Essay Avery Wellness (M) Sdn Bhd is a private company specialise in total skin care and beauty product solutions in Malaysia. The company began its operation in Malaysia since 1990. Follow Me Industries Sdn Bhd is the sole manufacturing facility for all skin care and beauty products to Avery Wellness (M) Sdn Bhd. Avery Wellness business model involved in marketing and distributing skin care and sun care products within Malaysia market. The main distribution centres in Malaysia focus in all pharmacy chains, departmental stores and beauty retailers.The company is envisaged to transform from a local enterprise into a multinational brand company with growth plan to tap into overseas market. The company has a headquarter base in Subang Jaya Industrial Park with total 80 employees. The advantage of Avery Wellness products are HALAL accreditation and this gave the company a strong market presence in Muslim segment. The company with its marketing and branding strategy by le veraging on local Muslim celebrity as ambassador to successful help the brand enters the Muslim market. 2. 2 Vision and MissionAvery Wellness is visioning to capture the South East Asian market and to emerge as a dominant company in providing skin care and sun care solution for all consumers. The mission of Avery Wellness is to provide continuous innovative and reliable product to overcome all man and woman skin problems with a product certified halal accreditation. 2. 3 Sales Revenue Avery Wellness average sales revenue for the past 3 years from 2010 to 2012 mainly contributed from 3 major brands which are Ageless solution, Clear Clean and Sun Safeâ„ ¢ (Table 1).The percentage of contribution is 46%, 20% and 34% respectively. The Sun Safeâ„ ¢ brand has two main sun care products which are Sun Safeâ„ ¢ Face and Sun Safeâ„ ¢ Body. Currently the market share for these two products in sun care category is more than 35% in Malaysia. Table 1: Sale Revenue on Skin Care Brand for Avery Wellness Brand2010 (RM/Million)2011 (RM/Million)2012 (RM/Million)Averagepercentage Ageless5. 55. 86. 05. 7746% Clear Clean2. 42. 52. 52. 4720% Sun Safeâ„ ¢4. 24. 34. 34. 2734% Total Revenue12. 112. 12. 812. 5100% 2. 4 International Market Entry Objective In view of sales revenue stagnancy from year 2010 to 2012, and increasing of fixed and variable cost yearly such as cost of goods sold, salaries and wages, interest expenses and promotion, thus impacting in net income yearly. In fact, there is significant descent of net profit from 11. 4 % to only 9. 9% in year 2012 (Appendix 1). In order to sustain business growth and achieve imperative profitability, step to enter international market is essential.In particular, sustained economic growth has been experienced in emerging economies, which have become a source of expanding market opportunities and are currently underpinning the global recovery (Zizah Che Senik et al, 2010). Malaysia policy of governance encourages local SME to go International. In the effort to encourage SMEs to go global, SME Corp has introduced the National Mark of Malaysia Brand which is a certification process, audited and monitored by Sirim.Through this initiative, Malaysian Brands are developed not just for the local market, but with the intention that they would be good enough to penetrate international markets (Mohd Rithaudden Makip, 2012) In addition, the SME Master plan (2012-2020) has also outlined a High Impact Programme – Going Export Programme that will focus on addressing challenges faced by SMEs on entering new markets overseas, which include high upfront costs and the lack of detailed knowledge about the markets and local competitors (Charles Fernandez, 2013). 3 Country and Market Entry Analysis 3. 1 Country AnalysisIndonesia, Thailand and Singapore are selected as the potential markets for Avery Wellness’s expansion plan to sell HALAL accreditation sun care products. In order to minimize business fa ilure and find out the best of the country market, three candidate markets (Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore) which are the most nearest country to Malaysia are chosen to make comparison for the first step of Avery Wellness to success. The selection of oversea markets is a vital issue for a company, this is imperative as the international business environment is turbulent and more uncertain as compared to domestic market.Therefore, fully identify the potential opportunities cab be exploited while minimizing threats and risks (Fariza Hashim et al, 2010). 3. 1. 1 PESTEL Analysis PESTEL analysis will be used to focus the discussion within this analytical framework on the political, economical, social, technological, environmental and legal factors that may influence the business operation for the company (Kotler 1994). A company must be aware of many considerations such as differences in language and customs as well as political and legal when doing business internationally (Farese et al, 2002).Table 2: Comparison of PESTEL on Indonesia, Thailand and Singapore Analysis FactorCountry IndonesiaThailandSingapore Political Legal(tax)Doing business in Indonesia is complex and time consuming. This is because of negotiation through the regulatory and industrial landscape. Corruption in the country is active at all levels. Skin care Import duties and taxes of 10% are applied in this country. Thailand is an export-dependent country. A total of $ 223 billion worth of goods in 2011 were exported, accounting 69% of its GDP. Corruption and lack of transparency still a major concerns especially in procurement tender.Thailand’s average applied tariff rate is 11%. Highest tariff rates applied to imports competing with locally produced goods. Skin care is 35% of import duties and taxes. Singapore is a free port country. More than 99% of all imports enter Singapore duty-free. It is a liberal trading regime. Singapore is a strong intellectual property protection country wi th virtually no corruption. Singapore levies a 7% Goods and Services Tax (GST), including skin care products. Economic (Gross Domestic Product) Indonesia is the largest population with 240 million in Southeast Asia.GDP growth above 6. 5% in 2011 and projected to remain above 6%. GDP per capita of $3,500. .The total population in Thailand in year 2012 is 67 Million. Thai economy grew only 1% in 2011, as the devastation caused by severe flooding that happened yearly in the country. GDP growth rate only 5. 5% in year 2012 and estimated will be above 7. 5% in year 2013. Total population in in year 2012 is 5 Million Singapore economy expanded by 14. 5% in year 2012, become the second fastest growing economy in the world. GDP is expected sustainable growth of 4% in 2013.Social CulturalRich natural resources country with very strong domestic demand. Bahasa is a common speaking and language used in Indonesia. Indonesian labor cost is relatively low by compare other Southeast Countries. Con sumers are extremely price-conscious; prefer lower prices over product quality. Thai and English are the most common spoken language in the country. Labor cost is moderate, where unemployment rate in 2010 only 1% of the labor force. Most citizen and people are highly educated. English is common language for business and education. Local labor laws are flexible.EnvironmentInfrastructure and service networks still under developed in the country. Most of the area are rural and with more than 180 islands in the country. Severe flooding occurred yearly. It caused thousands of homes were inundated and many business operations affected. Singapore levies high excise taxes on motor vehicles and petroleum products due to environmental reason. TechnologyMobile internet is now emerges in the country, providing opportunities to do business through internet. E-Commerce technology enables Thai to support â€Å"business to business† collaboration.It is another technology upcoming trend in th e country. Telecommunications and Internet facilities in Singapore are extremely well developed. Resource: 2012 Country Commercial Guide for U. S. Companies ( state. gov/) 3. 2 Selection of Country Base on the PESTEL analysis (Table 2), Indonesia will be the best country as the target market of Sun Safe expansion plan outside Malaysia because of its the excellent overall performing ability, widely accepted culture, comparably higher economic growth with less interest rate, and moderate corporate tax rate.What’s more the fact that Indonesia is the largest population growth country which means a vast room for expansion has make it a more attractive market than Thailand and Singapore. 3. 3 Type of Entry mode The expansion into Indonesia market usually could be achieved by indirect investment such as exporting, licensing, trading, joint venture and direct investment. Export Trading Company acts more like an agent to pay the manufacturer for the exported products and thereafter se ll the product to interested buyers.There is an advantage to help securing foreign market share on behalf of its clients (Fariza hashim et al, 2010). Avery Wellness is recommended to start its business by appointing a local trading and distribution company in the targeted sun care market. The reasons of appointing a trading company are 2 folds: First of all, risk can be transferred to the appointed local company in the new market development. This is because risks still exist since such market expansions come along with potential failures besides profit makings.Secondly, a well established local trading and distribution company has been proved successful pool their resources such as experiences, technologies and capitals together to expand the business in a fast speed. 3. 4 Trading Company Analysis and Selection In order to minimize the rate of failure and ensure the success entry to Indonesia market, an audit to local well known trading companies is made to compare the background o f the company, services provided, distribution channel coverage and the reliabilities of the company (Fariza Hashim et al, 2010).There are 3 local trading companies which are PT Dos Ni Roha, PT Maha Jaya Suksesindo and PT Fremont Nusametal Trading that already well-established in Indonesia (Table 3). PT Dos Ni Roha is the best trading company of Avery Wellness because of its market expansion in Indonesia that covers a lot of states and operational experiences in the business. Table 3: Comparison of Trading Companies in Indonesia PT Dos Ni Roha (DNR Distribution)PT Maha Jaya Suksesindo (MJS)PT Fremont Nusametal Trading (FNT) Company BackgroundPT Dos Ni Roha (DNR) was established in year 1963. The company is now a truly professional distributor in the country.PT Maha Jaya Suksesindo (MJS) is a 15 years old trading company in Indonesia and primary business is exporting fast moving consumer goods to Indonesia Borneo and Sumatra island, and other part of ASEAN countries. PT Fremont Nusam etal Trading (FNT) main business is distribution home appliances for international brands such as Sony, Panasonic and LG in Indonesia. The company was established in 1985. Scope of ServicesSales and distribution of pharmaceutical products, consumer products, medical supplies and equipment including after sales service. Logistics services including importation, storage, shipping and inventory managementExport and distribution of consumer goods. Trading and distribution of home appliances. Distribution ChannelDNR has 30 branches and 19 sub-branches spread out all over Indonesia: Java Island (greater Jakarta, west Java, central Java, east Java), Bali Nusa Tenggara, Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Jayapura. MJS distribution is mainly in the sub-urban and rural areas of Indonesia especially in Sumatra island. The 8 sales offices of MJS are for exporting businesses. FNT has the largest distribution coverage across the 3 main islands of Indonesia – Java, Sumatra and Borneo. The bus iness model of FNT is wholesaling of the home appliances.Business LicenseTrading license with ability to do product registration as currently distributing consumer health supplement products. Trading and Export license but MJS only experience in trading locally produced consumer goods. Trading license on home appliances Current Business PartnersDNR is one of the trading company for international consumer goods of Unilever, Kraft Food and leading local beauty products Mustika Ratu and international L’Oreal and medical products B. Braun, Novartis, Schering Plough. Yummy Food Utama is the largest consumer goods in Indonesia with brands such as Indomie and Yam Yam instant noodles.MJS is the sole trading company. Wholesaling partners for Sony, Panasonic and LG. FNT also is sole distributor of Yamaha heavy equipment in Indonesia such as water pumps, and power generators. Source: Indonesia Business Directory, www. gdgindonesia. com 4. Market and Industry Analysis 4. 1 Porter’ s Five Forces Analysis Competitive rivalry within an industry An industry could be defined as substance between the established competitors and the substitute products (Porter, 2008). And the competitive rivalry exists between the established competitors in the same product segment and it is the center of the Michael Porter’s five forces model.Sun care industry in Indonesia, though there are many large corporations such as Beiersdorf and Oriflame Coemetics, but the industrial competitive rivalry would not obviously affect Avery Wellness as there is still a large potential growth of sun care in the country. Bargaining power of customers The bargaining power of the customers also poses significant influence over the business behaviors within the sun care industry. Such forces usually could be seen in term of forced down prices, demand for higher-quality or more services and pit rival organizations against one another (Porter, 2008).However, most customers with small quantity of purchase still having low bargaining power though they only demand in effectiveness product. Threat of new entrants The threat of new entrants comes is quite high due to the low entry barriers in Indonesia. This is because Sun Care products can be imported easily into the country of only 10% import taxes imposed. Besides, Indonesia with population of 240 million people among Southeast Asia country is attracted with all multinational company to tap into this large resource country.Bargaining power of supplier Collaborations with manufacturer Follow Me Industries Sdn Bhd in Malaysia has given Avery Wellness a quality assurance and stability supplied of innovative products. Base on the excellence working relationship for more than 20 years with existing cooperation, it should be possible for Avery Wellness to control such increases in bargaining power from suppliers due to the increasing demand of products during the execution of the Indonesia market expansion plan. Threat of substitu te productsThe threat from substitute products to sun care products is very less thanks to the ingredients of sun reflective function named titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. This is because the 2 main ingredients only can be used on sun protection purpose. 4. 2 SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis used to summarize audit which concentrates upon main issues for objectives, strategies and tactics. The audit consists of internal current strengths and weakness that largely controllable, and also external future opportunities and threats that unpredictable (Lancaster Massingham, 2011). Table 4: SWOT Analysis InternalStrength: Both have been establishing for more than 20 years and expertise in product sales and marketing strategy. -Halal certification for both sun care products help to gain more Muslim consumers which is occupied of 65% of Malaysian populations and 95% of Indonesian populations. Weakness: -Avery Wellness as a Distribution company in fact fully reliable on Follow Me as a Manufactur er to provide sun care product. -Market development solely dependent on PT BNR as trading company without involving in any management and strategic planning. ExternalOpportunity: -Indonesia population estimated to be more than 250 million with 58% live in Java island. Similar tropical country with sunny weather almost throughout the year to promote the using of Sun Care product. -Common language and culture between Malaysia and Indonesia which provide easy platform for market development. Threat: -Sun Care products can be imported easily into Indonesia because of only 10% import taxes imposed. -Plenty of existing premium Sun Care brands such as Cllinique, Clarins, Biotherm are entering Indonesia market. -Sun protection awareness is still primarily high only in Jakarta district. But the sub-urban and rural populations are very lacking of health conscious towards sun protection. 4. Total Market Size and Share of Sun Care Despite the market size of Sun Care in Indonesia relatively low compare to other country such as Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand even though at same currency exchange, whereby Indonesia population is 5-10 times larger compare to these countries, but still it shown the growth of sun care market ascent almost double from 11. 3 bn Rupiah to 20. 2 bn Rupiah within 6 years from 2007 to 2012 (Table 5). Positively, a sun care product is expected to have greater growth rate in Indonesia market. Table 5: Sun Care Market Size of Indonesia Sun Care2007200820092010201120122012 * (RM mn)World (US$ mn)6,817. 17,557. 77,521. 28,161. 89,043. 39,094. 22,860. 0 Indonesia (Rp bn)11. 311. 911. 613. 516. 720. 26. 36 Malaysia (RM mn)9. 39. 49. 69. 79. 910. 110. 1 Singapore (S$ mn)14. 515. 416. 217. 318. 619. 648. 9 Thailand (Bt mn)1,046. 21,200. 81,183. 01,282. 21,401. 71,597. 0162. 0 Resource: Euromonitor International 2013 *Equivalent to Ringgit Malaysia Table 6: Indonesia Sun Care Brand and Company Shares 2007-2012 BrandCompany Name (GBO)200720082009201020112012 NiveaBeiersdorf AG40. 141. 446. 042. 236. 843. 0 OriflameOriflame Cosmetics SA24. 319. 19. 214. 321. 412. 2 Nu SkinNu Skin Enterprises Inc6. 6. 28. 39. 210. 010. 9 The Face ShopLG Household Health Cate Ltd8. 08. 39. 09. 6 VaselineUnilever Group-4. 35. 15. 55. 67. 4 Banan BoatEnergizer Holdings Inc3. 74. 14. 43. 93. 24. 3 BiothermLoreal Groupe3. 23. 33. 73. 43. 02. 9 CliniqueEstee Lauder Cos Inc1. 62. 22. 52. 42. 22. 0 ClarinsClarins SA1. 21. 71. 81. 61. 51. 4 RossolareGalenium Pharmasia Laboratories PT0. 30. 30. 40. 40. 40. 4 The Face ShopFaceshop Co Ltd6. 76. 7- OthersOthers12. 610. 710. 68. 86. 96. 0 Total100. 0100. 0100. 0100. 0100. 0100. 0 Source: Euromonitor International 2013 from trade sources/national statistics (Sun Care in Indonesia)The Sun Care brand shares held by most leading companies in Indonesia remained fairly stable from year 2007 to 2012 (Table 6). The top 3 sun care brands mainly imported from international market are Nivea, Oriflame and Nu Skin, total dominated 65-70% of sun care sales in Indonesia from year 2007 to 2012. Beiersdorf Indonesia with its Nivea Sun brand continued to lead sun care with a 46% value share in 2009. The notable fluctuation brand was Oriflame, which its overall share declined from 24. 3% to 12. 2% throughout year from 2007 to 2012 instability.However, Rossolare is the only local sun care brand owned by Galenium Pharmasia Laboratories PT at 0. 3% of total market share (Table 6). 5. Marketing Strategy 5. 1 Marketing Objectives Key Objective of Avery Wellness and PT BNR are to have Market Development of Sun Care segment in Indonesia market order to achieve: 1. Increase company sales revenue contributed from sun care brand market penetration: a. 10% in year 2013, b. 20% in year 2014 and c. 25% in year 2015. (From RM 12. 6 Mil- 2011 to RM 21. 0 Mil- 2015). (Appendix 1) 2. Capture 20% of sun care market share in Indonesia (2012 total market size in Indonesia RM 6. Mil/ 20. 2 bn Rupiah) 3. Achieve 15% net profit margin i n Sun Care product segment in line with profitability generated from other skin care segment within 3 years. 5. 2 Financial Budget 5. 2. 1 Funding Avery Wellness indirect investment strategic to appoint a local trading company in entering Indonesia new market development needs both parties commitment to success the plan. So, both parties need to have contribution in startup capital base on 2:1 ratio whereby Avery Wellness will be contributing RM 500,000 and PT DNR required allocating RM 250,000 as capital to start up the business in Indonesia (Appendix 2). . 2. 2 Working Capital Cash Flow statement is an indication to show cash coming in and out every month. It is essential for a company to use cash to pay business expenses such as bills, wages, merchandise and even unexpected expenses (Farese et al, 2002). Projected cash flow statement (Appendix 3A 3B) shows the budget planning start from December 2012 as a business startup month. Total funding of RM 750,000 (value equivalent to r upiah VER) use to pay for 2 months inventories (sun care products), import duties of 10% and promotion support in Indonesia market.Account receivable is base on 60 days term and expected cash is recovered in month of March 2013 with RM 120,000 (VER) sales collected on every subsequent month onwards. Monthly wages, general operating and administrative expenses start from month January 2013 at fixed cost of RM 24,000 and RM 5,500 respectively base on monthly basis. Inventory cost at RM 84,000 (VER) will be paid quarterly to store for 3 months supply. Product registration cost of RM 8,000 is used at one off payment to get qualified certificate to sell sun care product within Indonesia. 5. 2. 3 Sales Forecast and ProfitabilitySun SafeTM brand consists of Sun Sport body and Sun Defense face are forecasted to generate additional sales of RM 1. 2 mil in 2013 (Appendix 4). A successful marketing plan is to achieve company main objective by generating satisfaction profit (Kotler 1994). Net profit ranges is expected between 12-19% yearly, which is above the company net profit of 9. 9% in year 2012. 5. 3 Market Mix George Michael (2004) classified the 4 Ps marketing such as Product, Price, Place and Promotion as marketing mix. The target market for Sun SafeTM brand is focused on population in mass market of all age in Indonesia. 5. 3. Product There are 2 Sun care products named Sun Sport body and Sun Defense face to be sold in Indonesia market. Base on Warren Keegan model (table 7), there are 5 international product and communication strategies (Keegan Green, 2011) Table 7: Warren Keegen Model Source: (Keegan Green, 2011)) Avery Wellness is using Straight Extension whereby products that entering foreign market without changes as no requires RD expenses, manufacturer retooling or promotional modification. This will be an added advantage for Avery Wellness as the products is using Bahasa and English as communication to deliver the message.In other cases, this strategy may be a disaster; for example Campbell Soup Company experienced a loss of $30 million by introducing a condensed soup in England. The reason is product communication breakdown as consumers did not realize water is added in the soup by assuming the product in small can was expensive. 5. 3. 2 Price Sun SafeTM brand will be positioning as low pricng with high quality value to win loyal customers (Kotler Keller, 2012). The selling price for Sun Defense Face and Sun Sport Body in Indonesia will be set at RM 29 RM 25 respectively (VER). . 3. 3 Promotion PT BNR will be using straight extension strategy. Therefore, the company does not change the products and also promotion methods since the culture and language for both Malaysia and Indonesia are similar (Kotler Keller, 2012). For example, Ford adapted its advertising message due to the product used in United States would not be interpreted the same meaning by Spanish speakers. Sun SafeTM brand is expected to obtain sales of RM 1. 2 mil lions in 2013. PT BNR is budgeting 10% of the sales revenue for AP purposes.The advertisement campaign is mainly focus on brand awareness and the whole entire activities as below: 1)Press and magazines for sun protection information/article 2)Merchandising at beauty retail outlets. 3)Social media campaign. 4)Public relation of local Muslim Ambassador. 5)Sample distribution in shopping mall. 6)Sales Promotion. 5. 3. 4 Place PT BNR currently is having a very strong and established distribution network in broad channel for its existing product line in 30 branches covered the following chains such as: a. Pharmacy Chains b. Beauty Retailers c. Departmental Store 6. Management Structure and ControllingManagement is the process of reaching goals through the integrated of technology and human resources (Farese et al, 2002). To facilitate the effectiveness of an organization, PT BNR is currently practicing Horizontal Organization structure. Horizontal Organization involves self-managing team s that set their own goals and decisions; it helps the process of making spontaneous decision without delaying any important task (Farese et al, 2002) Marketing plan should be controlled using qualitative and quantitative standards including sales, market share, expenses, profitability and customers tracking.The controlling process is an indication to the evaluation of the effectiveness of an organization marketing plan (Lancaster Massingham, 2011). However, despite Avery Wellness is not participating in any sales and marketing activities but the director of sales will be monitoring and control the sales and marketing plan base on annual, profitability, efficiency and strategic control from time to time. 7. The Challenges for SME to Enter International MarketFrom a viewpoint of SME policy, the drastic changes in global growth and trade dynamics may open up opportunities for SMEs in international markets. However, they also pose a new challenge to policy makers in the need to design , adapt and implement effective policies to facilitate internationalization and enable SMEs to take full advantage of its benefits (Zizah Che Senik et al, 2010). In general, SMEs are considered to experience greater difficulties relative to large firms when operating internationally because of constrained resources and lack of international experience.Furthermore, the regulatory framework of some high-growth economies makes it more difficult for SMEs to enter the markets, which can be characterized by an unpredictable business environment likes frequent regulatory changes, weak protection of property rights, non-transparent judicial systems, inadequate enforcement of commercial law and specific institutional constraints. All these factors create additional challenges challenge to SMEs, which are typically resource constrained and inexperienced (Zizah Che Senik et al, 2010).A study on â€Å"Removing Barriers to SMEs Access to Global Markets† has identified in some of the barri ers that affect the decision in entering foreign market. Table 6 has shown the ranking of the barriers (Koji Ito, 2013). Table 8: Types of Barrier of entering foreign market RankingTypes of Barrier 1Inadequate of well trained personnel 2Working capital shortage 3Insufficient and limited information on market audit 4Wrongly identifying foreign business opportunities 5Time management to manage international business is lack 6Inability to rapture potential customers in oversea market 7No strategy to develop products for foreign markets Unfamiliar foreign business practices and regulation 9Product quality and standard not meet the country requirement 10Unfamiliar exporting procedures and processes Source: US International Trade Commission (2010). 9. Recommendations It is suggested that Avery Wellness should build a network in Indonesia by appointing PT BNR as a trading company to distribute its products in the country. However, it is recommended that Avery Wellness can use direct entry mode after the successful of product penetration into Indonesia market.

abortion Essays (813 words) - RTT, Abortion, Fertility, Free Essays

Abortion is the act of destroying an un-born fetus in a woman?s womb. Its known as one of the most controversial issues discussed in today?s society. The topic can be put into two categories; pro-choice, and pro-life. Those who support pro-choice believe that abortion is a woman?s right, and that abortion is acceptable. While on the hand those who support pro-life believe, abortion is morally wrong, and can be considered murder. However the issue has caused a great deal of turmoil in the world. Some protesters have even killed other people over this issue, which is ironic because killing human beings is exactly what those people are protesting. Pro-choice advocates argue that abortion is not murder, because life does not begin until the child is born, or sometime relatively close. Since the idea of life depends on ones religious, and theological views, it can make a complicated argument. However, from a scientific stand point, theres no room for argument. Scientist believe life begins at conception, and continues until birth. The definition of alive is, that a being is growing, developing, maturing, and replacing its own dying cells, which a fetus is capable of doing. Pro-choice advocates have argued that a woman had the right to her own body, and that the government shouldn?t be able to control a woman?s body, which is true. A woman, just like any other human being should have complete control to their own bodies. Having an abortion is murder, it is giving a woman the right to murder an unborn fetus. A woman has the right to get pregnant, and should take full advantage of all the possibilities and options while getting pregnant. Allowing a woman to have an abortion, is allowing a woman to commit murder. Abortion is immoral and wrong, with the exceptions in cases of incest, rape, and when the mother?s life is in danger. Using abortion as a form of birth control is murder, it is killing an unborn fetus. Believing that abortion is a woman?s right to her own body is startling to believe. Never has a state granted a citizen the right to have another person killed in order to solve a personal, social, or financial dilemmas. Abortion can also lead to many physical, and or mental problems. About 10 percent of women who have an abortion will suffer immediate complications. And about 2 percent are considered life threatening. Another likely complication is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, which can later lead to infertility. Some of the more major complications which can occur at the time of an abortion are: Genital Tract Infection, excessive bleeding, embolism, ripping or perforation of the uterus, anesthesia complications, convulsions, hemorrhage, cervical injury, and endotoxic shock. The most common "minor" complications include: infection, bleeding, fever, second degree burns, chronic abdominal pain, vomiting, and gastro-intestinal disturbances. Post-Abortion Syndrome better known as PAS can be a mental after affect from abortion. A Los Angeles Times survey back in 1989 showed that 56% of women who had an abortion felt guilty, and 26% felt guilty about having an abortion Abortion isn?t always successful, there are about 50 failed abortions cases a year. A failed abortion is when a woman attempts an abortion and the fetus survives. Fused joints, Cerebral Palsy, growth retardation, missing limbs, or digit abnormalities and other congenital problems are just some of the medical complications that can result after abortion. A failed abortion can either be a continued intrauterine pregnancy or can also take place as an ectopic pregnancy. A continued pregnancy is a normal pregnancy, in which the woman can go on to give birth to her baby. An Ectopic is a pregnancy that takes place in the fallopian tubes and is not a result of the abortion, its a natural occurrence, and can actually be the reason of the failed abortion. Ectopic pregnancies that are not terminated can be fatal. After having an abortion there are many effects that can occur in future pregnancies. About 24.3 percent of women experience complications in future pregnancies, after having an abortion. Excessive bleeding, premature delivery, cervical damage, and even infertility are just some of the complications that women can experience after an abortion. Placenta previa, a condition producing extremely severe,

E-business Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

E-business Project - Essay Example Viability - To date, no site offers online musical instrument lessons. This means that this will be a "one-of-a-kind" musical site. It will address many problems besetting people who want to take lessons on playing musical instruments but either they don't have the time to physically go to places where these lessons are held or they don't have in their possession the necessary instruments. Likewise, this online experience can answer the needs of physically handicapped people who are musically-inclined and who would like to learn to play an instrument but could not due to commuting problems posed by the individual's physical disability. E-Business Model - The business model for Music Teachers Online is produced to offer a premium site with products and services with minimum overhead. This model offers a simplified site that eliminates avoidable costs and focuses on the basics of an e-business. Designing the website could cost quite a bit, depending on the experience of the business owner. If the owner were able to design the site it would decrease costs significantly, because the design will be the main cost incurred. In this case, the business owner will need the assistance of a professional web designer. A professional designer can implement the necessary formats for adding a shopping cart, setting up bulletin boards and other complicated design issues. Depending on the experience of the designer, this could cost upwards of a $1,000. The site owner needs to have or maintain a credit card (of good standing) or any of the legitimate online pay schemes available where customers can channel their purchase payments. However, once the site is up and running, there are few maintenance fees. Revenue Model - Revenue from this site will come from various sources: online lessons as well sales of musical instruments and sheet music, plus ticket sales. Other Details - This is an efficient musical e-commerce site with exponential business expansion possibilities. It is a site that will be informative and easy to use for both the customers and musical groups. It is also an aesthetically pleasing site that considers the fact that many of its prospective customers/viewers are on dial-up and quick load

In what sense and to what degree are consumers in China distinctively Essay

In what sense and to what degree are consumers in China distinctively different from their counterparts in Western countries - Essay Example Thus, analysing the nature of consumer’s tastes and preferences is important for determining the long run growth of an economy. The essay enumerates the distinctive nature of the consumers demand in China from that of the western countries (Molano, 2009). Consumption in Modern China The framework of the society of China is primarily collectivistic in nature. The people in China give high value to tradition, conformity and benevolence. However, with the emergence of economic growth and modernization, the country has undergone dramatic changes in its cultural and social aspects (OECD Insights, 2013). Chinese society now resembles individualistic and materialistic principles apart from the ancient collectivistic attitude. The trace of modern consumption pattern in China is observed when some detailed analysis is made over the sales of several goods and services in the shopping malls of the country. It was empirically found that collectivism, individualism and materialism were all directly proportional to the consumption values of the consumers in China (EIA, 2013). These values include epistemic, functional, social and emotional principles in them. For the materialistic and individualistic consumers it can be found that they have greatest magnitude of consumption value (Alabama, 2005).The individualistic and materialistic consumers achieve high utility from consumption of goods and services. However, if the underlying disparities are ignored, then it can be analyzed that the overall living standard of the people in China has improved in the recent era. This is because the country has achieved a substantial growth in its Gross Domestic and National Products (USITC, 2011). China is now regarded as an emerging economy in the world. It is included in the group of BRICS, who are the nations showing higher growth rates in the world than the developed economies. It is believed by the analysts that by 2050 China’s growth will surely make it one of the global leaders in the world (World Bank, 2013). Since 1970 the country has undergone rapid development in its industrial sector. Consumer Value Analysis (Source: Alabama, 2005) The above diagram elaborates the idealistic values of the consumers in China in the modern world. Consumer behaviours can be estimated by observing the actual purchase decisions of the consumers in the economy. It can also be estimated by studying the amount of expenditures made by the consumers in China. It is found that the relation between the consumption value and socio cultural value is extremely high in modern China. Those consumers who have high social values are more attracted towards the expensive branded goods and services. These rich consumers invest high in conspicuous consumption. On the other hand, the consumers who have less social values and are not very rich and generally go for less speculative investments (Selden, 1993). On the other hand, most of the emerging economies in the world are enumerati ng high level of debt crisis in their economies. The sovereign debt crisis in the European economy has slowed the velocity of circulation of money in the European nations. Thus, the European Central bank is now implementing quantitative easing by which the commercial banks are able to get access to some fluid fund to lend the borrowers. Thus, the consumers in the western world are now having less purchasing power. Unlike the emerging affluent classes in China the consumers in

The Role of Women and Minorities in the History of the Labor Movement Essay Example for Free

The Role of Women and Minorities in the History of the Labor Movement Essay Labor movements emerged as the working class and workers grouped into association in a bid to fight for their interests at the workplaces. Their interests which were mainly better treatment by the employers and the sate government called for creation of particular laws that concerned working relations. The specific collective associations that have existed within societies include trade and labor unions. In addition to the several elites and the political associations that actively participated in labor movements, women as well as the minority groups have made substantial contributions to the development of the labor movements. Most of the contributions were through trade unions and organizations. These include Women Trade Union League in the United States, The International Ladies Garment Workers Union, Womens Education, Industrial Union and Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union. In addition, there are notable contributions of individual women such as Ann Morgan, Frances Perkins, Alva Vanderbilt Belmont, Clara Lemlich, Jane Addams, Florence Kelley, Rose Schneiderman, and Eleanor Roosevelt. This dissertation will entail a research through literature provide information on the role of women and the minority in the history of labor movement in America. Further, it will come up with a discussion regarding the roles of women in the history of trade movements in America. The effluent Women support A group of well-off women such as Frances Perkins, Alva Vanderbilt Belmont and Ann Morgan supported the efforts of the working class women through intercession with officials and donating money as well as protesting with them; these women were commonly referred to as the â€Å"Mink Brigade†. Born in 1853, Alva Belmont was a wealthy socialite who funded the women’s suffrage movement. She gave huge amount of money to the United States and United Kingdom movement. Further, she formed the Political Equality League to campaign for politicians who supported the suffrage goals. Frances Coralie Perkins Frances Coralie Perkins, who lived between 1882 and 1965, was the United States Secretary of labor between 1933 and 1947. She was the leader of the New York Consumer League where she advocated vigorously for appropriate working conditions and hours. In addition, Perkin is credited with the progressive reforms where she increased factory examinations, reduced the working hours of women to forty eight hours and advocated for laws of the unemployment insurance for the and minimum wage.   Perkins is known for her lenience on Harry Bridges, who was a communist leader of the International Longshore and Warehouse Union. She held the same interest with Smith in regard to social reform. Eleanor Roosevelt and Jane Addams Eleanor Roosevelt made major contribution in labor movements. After her husband, Franklin Roosevelt illness, she began to work with the Women’s Trade Union League. Eleanor supported the league in raising funds for its agenda like forty eight hour work week, child labor elimination, and minimum wage. Laura Jane Addams, who was born in 6 September 1860, founded the United States Settlement House movement. She assisted in the mediation of the Garment Workers Strike of the nineteen ten. Rose Schneideman Rose Schneideman, born between 1882 and 1772, was a well-known socialist and labor movement leader during the first decade of the twentieth century. Schneiderman started working in 1895 as cashier before becoming a lining stitcher within a cap plant. In nineteen hundred and two, she moved to Montreal where she began her unionism and political radicalism. In nineteen hundred and three, she went back to New York where she organized women working in the same factory that she worked in.   She is renowned for her contribution in the cap makers’ work stoppage of nineteen hundred and five which involved the entire city. She became an active member of the New York branch of Women’s Trade Union League before she was elected its vice president in nineteen hundred and eight. Moreover, she was actively involved in the Uprising of the 20,000 which was initiated by the International Ladies Garment Workers Union. Later on, Rose Schneideman became the national president of the Women Trade Union League. Schneideman phrase, â€Å"Bread and Roses† was widely used in the nineteen twelve textile strike which involved mostly women workers in Massachusetts. Again, she strongly opposed the Equal Rights Amendment which was viewed as denying the working class women legislative protection that WTUL had championed. Clara Lemlich Clara Lemlich lived between 1886 and 19982. She led the Uprising of 2000 which involved the shirtwaist laborers and contributed to her being blacklisted form garment industry. Later she joined the Communist party and became a consumer activist. She had joined the garment industry after migrating to New York. When her employer demanded double production of the employees, Lemlich together with several co-workers, revolted against the low pay, lack of advancement opportunities, long working hours, and the demeaning treatment by the supervisors. She got actively engaged in International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union where she was voted to the executive committee. She led numerous work stoppages of shirtwaist makers and challenged male union leaders to organize women workers in the garment industry. Lemlich is well known for her speech at the mass gathering of Shirtwaist Company and Leiserson Company workers seeking to strike, that led to the start of the strike. Lemlich further, devoted herself to suffrage activities where she founded the Wage Earners League together with Leonora O’Reilly, Schneiderman as well as two other women. This league was a substitute of the middle class suffrage organization that sought to involve and represent the working class. The Wage Earners League admitted only working class women as members. However, it sought support from the non working class and associated itself with the National American Woman Suffrage Association which it had earlier discounted. Florence Kelley Florence Kelley was born in 1859. She founded the National Consumer League that called for consumers to purchase products that came from companies which met the leagues standards. The standards included working and minimum wage. Moreover, Kelley was an activist for women suffrage and helped assisted in the laws concerning working conditions and child labor. The Women Trade Union League The league was established in nineteen hundred and three for both the affluent and working class women to support the attempts of women in organizing labor unions as well as stop unfavorable conditions. The Women Trade Union League played a significant role in aid of the considerable workers stoppage during the initial twenty years of the twentieth century. Their contribution included the formation of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America and International Ladies’ Garment Workers Union. Women Trade Union League drew on efforts of advocates in the settlement movement as well as in expanding unions that represented workers within industries that had a large number of women like textile and garment industries. Some of the activists of the settlement movement included Florence Kelley and Jane Addams. The league was led by both aristocratic philanthropists and experienced working women. In addition to aiding several strikes, the league supported the New York shirtwaist work stoppage of nineteen hundred and nine that involved more than twenty thousand people. The league provided headquarters for the organization of the strike, legal services and witnesses for picketers. In addition, it joined protesters in picket line and organized mass gatherings and matches to broadcast the shirtwaist workers grievances and the sweatshop situations they were advocating against. Although, the â€Å"Uprising of the 20, 000† produced some benefits to workers, it was not completely successful. Most of the Italian laborers participating in the strike gave up while most of the protesters did not have sufficient resources to engage in the strike. As well, although Lillian Wald was one of the pioneers in the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, some African America activists encouraged black laborers to disengage from the strike. The Women Trade Union League also supported the work stoppages of New York cloakmakers and Chicago clothing workers in 1910 as well as the nineteen eleven’s Cleveland strike of garment workers. In addition, it aided the many other trade movements efforts in Massachusetts, Iowa, Wisconsin, and Missouri. However, after nineteen twelve, the league eased its involvement in trade movements and only participated in incidences where the strike leadership was appealing. In addition, the Women League had a semi- official connection with the American Federation of Labor as well as collaborated with the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America union. The league also founded a school in 1914 that taught women to be laborers leader as well as organizers. What is more, it contributed greatly in bringing garment workers of Italian origin into the union. The Women Trade Union League in legislative reform The league advocated for several change of legislation that affected workers. In particular, it embarked on working for the reforms on the minimum wage, the eight-hour day and the protective legislation. However, the league spared, in call for reforms, legislation that gave special protection to children and women.   The work of WTUL can also be described by the active advocacy for safety in work places both prior to the Triangle Shirtwaist fire of nineteen eleven and after. The event of the fire that resulted to death of one forty five individuals exposed the sincerity of activists such as Rose Schneiderman. WTUL criticized the character of National Women Party which was rather more individualistic. In addition, the league opposed the Equal Rights Amendment that was crafted by the National Women Party in the argument that the legislation would discredit the gainful benefits that WTUL had achieved. In the nineteen twenties and after, the league concentrated more on labor legislation. The leaders largely supported the â€Å"New Deal† and created a close connection with the administration of President Roosevelt via Eleanor Roosevelt who was a WTUL member from nineteen twenty three. The league was disbanded in nineteen fifty. Womens Education and Industrial Union The union engaged female researchers like Louise Bosworth to investigate the working situations of Women. The International Ladies Garment Workers Union The International Ladies Garment Workers Union was among the leading labor unions in America. Its membership was primarily female and it played a pivotal role in the history of labor unions. In 1995, it merged with Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union resulting to the Union of Needletrades, Industry and Textile Employees (UNITE). Further, UNITE merged with Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees Union (HERE) to form a union referred to as UNITE HERE. Analysis The women role in trade union was split into the working class and the non working class. The non working class who were involved in the labor movement included the effluent women who used their political influence and financial powers to get through with their agendas. The working class labor leaders and activists were suspicious and mostly differed with the effluent women in regard to the implementation of the labor movements agendas. The non working class was seen as not genuine in advocating for the interests of the laborers. However, some effluent women such as Eleanor Roosevelt, Coralie Perkins and Alva Benmont played a pivotal role in the history of the labor movements. Mostly, women activists were affiliated with women’s labor movements. The mainstream labor movements were mail dominated and alienated women from decision making. However, women such as Rose Schneider were involved in leadership of labor movements with male membership although the primary membership was women workers. Conclusion Generally, roles of women in the history of labor movements are defined within mostly, the representation of women workers. These women affiliated to women labor unions which had primarily female membership. However, many women were concentrated in particular industries such as garment and textile industries. Therefore, most movements were male dominated and rarely gave chance for women participation. References: Annalise, O. (1995): Common Sense and a Little Fire, Women and Working-Class Politics in the United States, 1900-1965, University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill Berg, G. (1989): Frances Perkins and the Flowering of Economic and Social Policies, Monthly Labor Review Foner, P. S. (1979): Women and the American Labor Movement, From Colonial Times to the Eve of World War I Frances, P. (1946): The Roosevelt I Knew, New York: Penguin Group Martin, G. W. (1976): Madam Secretary, Frances Perkins. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York Maurine, B. H., et al, (2007): The Eleanor Roosevelt Encyclopedia. Retrieved from http://www.questia.com/pm.qst?a=od=104599663. Accessed on 2007 October 19 Naomi, P. (1999): Frances Perkins, Champion of the New Deal, Oxford University Press, New York Orleck, A. (1995): Common Sense and a Little Fire: Women and Working-Class Politics in the United States, 1900-1965. Peter, H. (2002): Cities of Tomorrow, Blackwell Publishing. Stasz, C. (2000): The Vanderbilt Women: Dynasty of Wealth, Glamour and Tragedy. iUniverse, New York Stuart, A.M. (2006): Consuelo and Alva Vanderbilt: The Story of a Daughter and a Mother in the Gilded Age. HarperCollins, New York

The Picture of Dorian Gray Essay: The Soul of Dorian -- The Picture of

The Picture of Dorian Gray "The soul is a terrible reality. It can be bought and sold. It can be poisoned or made perfect. There's a soul in each one of us. I know it." This is a statement made by Dorian Gray to his best friend, Lord Henry, a few hours after he realizes that his behavior of the last eighteen years has been absolutely terrible. First I shall explain the way Dorian Gray lost his ability to be good and how he found it again eighteen years later. After Sybil Vane's death, the young lad was first seized by terrible remorse. After abandoning her in the theatre with most cruel words, he reconsidered his action during the night and was ready to forgive her and marry her, as he had promised. So the news of her suicide was of course quite an unpleasant shock to him. Unfortunately Lord Henry was there to influence him with his corrupt and selfish personality. He taught... ...the soul exists. The soul is a "terrible reality", because it is stronger than any physical phenomenon of belief or disbelief. Whatever you do, it always remains in the depth of your heart and you will always depend on it, as you depend on your reality. If you poison it by neglect or ignorance, you try to sell it for what seems a cheap and easy price, but you cannot sell and separate from a reality that you are a part of; the unavoidable price of "buying" it back is very, very, high. The Picture of Dorian Gray Essay: The Soul of Dorian -- The Picture of The Picture of Dorian Gray "The soul is a terrible reality. It can be bought and sold. It can be poisoned or made perfect. There's a soul in each one of us. I know it." This is a statement made by Dorian Gray to his best friend, Lord Henry, a few hours after he realizes that his behavior of the last eighteen years has been absolutely terrible. First I shall explain the way Dorian Gray lost his ability to be good and how he found it again eighteen years later. After Sybil Vane's death, the young lad was first seized by terrible remorse. After abandoning her in the theatre with most cruel words, he reconsidered his action during the night and was ready to forgive her and marry her, as he had promised. So the news of her suicide was of course quite an unpleasant shock to him. Unfortunately Lord Henry was there to influence him with his corrupt and selfish personality. He taught... ...the soul exists. The soul is a "terrible reality", because it is stronger than any physical phenomenon of belief or disbelief. Whatever you do, it always remains in the depth of your heart and you will always depend on it, as you depend on your reality. If you poison it by neglect or ignorance, you try to sell it for what seems a cheap and easy price, but you cannot sell and separate from a reality that you are a part of; the unavoidable price of "buying" it back is very, very, high.

Yellow Wallpaper

The visuals and the symbolic imagery of the setting helps the readers connect with the characters more ND thus builds a connection through the entirety of the story. The opening of the setting directly correlates with the narrator's thoughts and feelings. It is also one of the crucial reasons as to why the narrator falls deeply ill to the depicted background. We come to see that the narrator of the story who is the woman, lives in a isolated mansion or a â€Å"haunted house†(394) as she would call it. The metaphor of the haunted house shows the woman's concern and displacement about the house from the start.Gradually as the months pass, she becomes increasingly ill and her very sanity shows. Her husband's way of treatment and rest only forces her to get worse and not better. She states to John, â€Å"That spoils my ghostliness, I am afraid, but I don't care-? there is something strange about the house-?I can feel it†. The statement depicts her troubled emotions both men tally and emotionally regarding the mansion. Gradually as the months pass, she becomes increasingly ill and her very sanity becomes worse. She starts to become fixated with the yellow wallpaper in her room.She quotes â€Å"they connect diagonally, and the sprawling outlines run off in great slanting waves of optic error, like a lot of wallowing seaweeds in full chase(403). † The detailed observations made by her towards the ending of the text describe her cry for help to stop her illness and the only therapy she knows as liberating. What she doesn't understand is her illness as seen in the text worsens as she runs her imagination through the surroundings of the wallpaper. She feels trapped and her only way out to her lies in the wallpaper.She develops vivid images about the entire house and the negative feelings that comes with it. She uses words such as queer and afraid from the beginning of the story to explore her concern for the house. In one of her quotes, she states â⠂¬Å"l am sitting by the window now, up in this atrocious nursery, and there is nothing to hinder my writing as much as I please, save lack of strength—But these nervous troubles are dreadfully depressing(396). † The statements display her boredom and depression from not being able to write and explore her thoughts as prescribed by her doctor of a husband.That alone gives her mind to roam endlessly bout the possibilities of the wallpaper. The importance of the setting provides a power tool in which her condition intensifies as her reality escapes into the yellow wallpaper. It leads to her ultimate obsession with the yellow wallpaper. Another powerful piece of the setting would the time the book took place. The book is published in 1892 so it can be assumed that it took place in the 18th through 19th century. During this time, women are still fighting for equality and a stand in society compared to today.The men are the dominant leaders of the household and women would ob ey their decisions and follow only to their lead without their own opinions mattering. Therefore, the husband disregards his wife's opinions about her condition. The story displays her husband as kind and caring; always attending to his wife's needs. He feels he knows the right treatments for her when in reality, he was trapping her in an isolated room with no one to talk to or able to express her feelings. He also calls her â€Å"little girl† in an attempt to belittle her decision making when she wanted to leave the house.The woman also feels guilty for the things her husband goes for her like reading to her for hours and calling her darling. She does not understand that her insanity stems from distancing her emotions from her husband and into her own world of fantasies that lead to her fixation on the wall paper. Therefore without any help from the outside world or anyone to turn to, she felt like her own prisoner trapped inside the room with only the yellow wallpaper in he r mind to keep her own sanity from worsening. There are many subtle metaphors and hidden meanings describing the setting of the wallpaper.There are clues towards he ending of the story that the events following her experience with the wallpaper may have also happened previously with other women. She states, â€Å"l don't like to look out of the windows even-?there are so many of those creeping women, and they creep so fast. I wonder if they come out of that wallpaper as I did† which shows she might have believed the events occurred before. Thus as the story building up, the setting portrays her need to tear off all the wallpaper in a means to escape from her own imprisoned self and the lives of previously trapped women behind the leaper.After the woman tears off the wallpaper, the setting immediately changes as she liberates herself from her own illness that caused her depression since the beginning. There is no longer the yellow wallpaper and the freedom of celebration from her husband. She is now seen in control instead of her husband. Every part of the setting influences the way the story was set. Had the setting changed entirely in an uplifting and positive vibe than the outcome would have been completely different. She may not have had any ill conditions if things were set differently. Yellow Wallpaper Chelsey French Stacy Phillips ENGL 1010 November 28, 2012 The Yellow Wallpaper Approximately 10 to 15% of women suffer from postpartum mood disorders, including postpartum depression, postpartum anxiety, and postpartum psychosis (â€Å"How Many Women Get Postpartum Depression? The Statistics on PPD†). â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a story about a woman, whose husband takes her away to a home out in the country. She is to believe that she has a temporary nervous condition, by which her husband, a doctor, has her to believe.As the story unfolds the reader comes to find out that the narrator has more than a nervous condition. It is clear to see that the narrator has postpartum psychosis. Postpartum psychosis has a wide range of symptoms, all of which the narrator of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† exhibits. The disorder, which sets on up to several weeks after giving birth. Postpartum psychosis is characterized by symptoms of extreme agitation, confusion, exhilaration, and an inability to sleep or eat.It may also be difficult to maintain a normal conversation with a woman who has postpartum psychosis. She may also experience delusions, hallucinations, altered or impaired concept of reality, rapid mood swings, insomnia, and abnormal or obsessive thoughts. The narrator of the story shows many of the signs and symptoms of postpartum psychosis which sets up just weeks after giving birth. The description of the disorder fits almost perfectly with what can be seen from the narrator.Her actions, along with what she sees in the wallpaper of her room can be interpreted as symptoms of postpartum psychosis. The reader also knows that the narrator has given birth recently when she writes â€Å"it is fortunate Mary is so good with the Baby. Such a dear baby! And yet I cannot be with him, it makes me so nervous† (Gilman). Knowing that the narrator just had a baby is only reason that she is suffering from postpartum psychosis, because if she didn’ t just have a baby then she could not have suffered from this.In the beginning of the story, the narrator tells that she gets angry with her husband, and believes that it is due to her nervous condition. The narrator is more than aware that her agitation goes beyond what is reasonable at that time, yet she cannot control it. She knows something is wrong, and is to believe that she has a temporary nervous condition, that her husband diagnosed her with, but the narrator is suffering from more than a mere nervous condition.The narrator’s abnormal thinking shows when she writes, â€Å"John is a physician, and perhaps—(I would not say it to a living soul, of course, but this is dead paper and a great relief to my mind)—perhaps that is one reason I do not get well faster† (Gilman). It doesn’t make since that because her husband is a doctor, she is not getting better. The narrator’s agitation and abnormal thinking here shows she is suffering from m ore than depression. Another symptom of postpartum psychosis is hallucinations. One of the first hallucinations that the narrator has is when she sees people creeping outside around in the garden.Another hallucination the narrator experiences is, â€Å"Sometimes I think there are a great many women behind, and sometimes only one, and she crawls around fast, and her crawling shakes it all over† (Gilman). The narrator is having hallucinations of a woman behind the wallpaper of her room and that she is shaking the pattern on the wallpaper. At the end of the story the narrator is acting really strange when she describes herself crawling around her room, with her shoulder in the â€Å"smooch† of the wallpaper.To someone who has their sanity intact, this would be very weird, but with her impaired concept of reality, her actions are completely logical. By having hallucinations and impaired concepts of reality are strong signs that she is suffering from postpartum psychosis. T he Narrator also shows signs that she has a hard time eating and sleeping, and has moments of obsessive thinking. During the story the narrator writes â€Å"I don’t sleep much at night† (Gilman), which shows that it is not depression that she is suffering from, which causes hypersomnia, rather than insomnia.The narrator also shows signs of difficulty eating when she says â€Å"I don’t weigh a bit more,’ said I, ‘nor as much; and my appetite may be better in the evening when you are here but it is worse in the morning when you are away! † (Gilman) Trouble eating is yet another sign of postpartum psychosis. Along with difficulty eating, and insomnia, the narrator also has moments of exhilaration, when she writes â€Å"Life is very much more exciting now than it used to be. You see, I have something more to expect, to look orward to, to watch†¦it was because of the wallpaper† (Gilman). The fact that the narrator has become excited ov er the wallpaper in her room, points toward the diagnosis that she has some type of psychosis. Wallpaper is usually not exciting to a person in a normal state of mind. This part of the story shows that the narrator is having obsessive thoughts, at this point of the short story she is no longer simply examining the wallpaper, she is obsessed with the wallpaper.The last thing that the narrator shows is homicidal and suicidal thoughts. At the end of the story the narrator is making threats when she writes â€Å"no person touches [the] paper but [her]—not alive! † (Gilman). Pretty much she is saying that she will hurt, or kill anyone that comes close or touches the wallpaper. This act would be very irrational because touching wallpaper would ordinarily be an innocent gesture, but the narrator is so wrapped up in her psychosis that she is willing to commit homicide if a person just touches the paper.The narrator contemplates suicide when she says â€Å"I am getting angry e nough to do something desperate. To jump out of the window would be admirable exercise, but the bars are too strong even to try† (Gilman). The narrator’s thoughts of committing homicide and suicide are just further signs of her disorder. According to Heidi Scott, â€Å"The reader is more likely to see her madness as a tragedy of early mental health care, the positive reading gains ground with this interpretation of ecological adaptation. Unfortunately Ms. Scott seems to have made an error in logic known as hasty generalization. What Ms. Scott is saying is that the narrator is just not adapting to her new environment, but this is not the case at all. With all of the evidence that is provided in this paper it should be clear about what kind of condition the narrator has. The proof in â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† that the narrator has postpartum psychosis leaves little room for other scientific diagnosis of her problems.The narrator has given birth recently, she bec omes agitated and exhilarated easily, and she has abnormal thoughts, insomnia, inability to eat, hallucinations, homicidal and suicidal thoughts and so on; all of which are symptoms of postpartum depression. Ultimately, this means that the short story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† is a harrowing tale of a woman suffering from postpartum psychosis. Works Cited â€Å"How Many Women Get Postpartum Depression? The Statistics on PPD. † Postpartum Depression, Postpartum Progress, The Best Help & Hope for Moms. Web. 19 Nov. 012 † Signs of Postpartum Psychosis – RightDiagnosis. com. † Right Diagnosis. Web. 19 Nov. 2012. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper – Charlotte Perkins Gilman. † Women's History – Comprehensive Research and Information Guide. Web. 20 Nov. 2012 † PsychiatryOnline , American Journal of Psychiatry, Postpartum Psychosis: Detection of Risk and Management. † PsychiatryOnline Home. Web. 20 Nov. 2012. Gilman, Charlotte Perkins. â€Å"The Yellow Wall-paper: And Other Stories – Charlotte Perkins Gilman – Google Books. † Google Books. Web. 21 Nov. 2012.

Employee motivation in Apple corpotation

This essay was written on Employee motivation in Apple company. I pointed out couple motivation theories that were developed in order to show people the ways of motivating. First and base theory is Maslow’s hierarchy pyramid then there are Equity theories and Two factor theory. The most popular and efficient motivation theory is goal seeking motivation theory. This theory was made in order to motivate staff to seek new opportunities how to solve a problems or reach their goals. In the second part I introduced the apple company and their motivation standards and behaviour.I applied the rest of theories that i picked for this essay and company. Some motivation strategies were already a part of this company but some were not. As far as some motivations are part of ourselves. How do we react and what do we do to make ourselves better. Apple Inc. is one of the most developing company in human resources and management. In the first part of my essay I would like to point out couple t heories that are often mentioned by many people as a main motivation at work.In second part I will apply theese mentioned theories to an Apple company in order to compare and evaulate the difference of their processing motivation standards and theories of employee and human motivation. Employee motivation is one of the main concernes of corporations theese days because of the main focus of employees on what can employer offer for my hard and efficient work. How do they motivate in order to reach higher standards and profits. What if I create a great added value for the company and they treat me the same without any bonus or raised wage? Same questions but in different ways has our future employer.Company theese days need mature, efficient, motivated and high-performance employees. Since the business has taken place on our planet. Came up a question? How do I motivate people? So now I am going to mention couple theories that are most likely often used by companies to motivate their e mployees. Motivation forces within the individual forces that account for the direction, level, and persistence of a person’s effort expended at work. Direction is the way where you channel your motivation. How do you apply the motivation. Then there is a level of motivation that meassures how much effort someone puts in motivating staff.Motivating persistence is the length of time a person or manager sticks with a given action. How long does it take to reach a goal. Types of motivation theories Content theories Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory Abraham Maslow first inctroduction of his theory took place in 1943 paper „A Theory of Human Motivationâ€Å". There are basically five levels of what humans need. Some are more important than others but basically follows a flow of certain needs that needs to be satisfied first before you can worry about other needs. The Maslow’s theory is often displayed as a Pyramid of needs.The bottom of the pyramid are the pr imary human needs (Psychological) such as breathing, eating, sleeping, drinking water, sexual needs. Second floor of the pyramid also known as secondary needs are safety needs which means security of our body, health, the family or our employment. Third floor is named Love or belonging this floor includes friendship, family and sexual intimacy. Fourth floor of pyramid is called Esteem it covers self esteem, confidence,achievemtn, respect of others. Fifth floor is self actualization, this top of the pyramid is made of morality, creativity,spontaneity,problem solving.Another theory is Acquired need theory. Need for achievement. The desire to do something better or more efficiently, to solve problems, or to master complex tasks. Need for affiliation. The desire to estamblish and maintain friendly and warm relations with others. Need for power. The desire to control others, to influence their behaviour or to be responsible for others. Two factor theory also known as Herzberg’s mo tivation-hygiene theory and dual-factor theory was developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1959. Herzberg in study of individual needs and motivation developed this theory.The theory identifies two different factors as primary causes of job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction. Hygiene factors Sources of job dissatisfaction that can be found in context of our job or in the work we got set. Job dissatisfaction occurs when hygiene factors are poor. Improving the hygiene factors only decreases job dissatisfaction doesn‘t make profit in sales or financial sphere. Motivator factors Sources of job satisfaction to job content. Presence or absence of satisfiers or motivators in people’s jobs is the key to satisfaction, motivation, and performance.If we want to build more motivator factors in the job content we call it a job enrichment. Equity theory was developed by John Stacey Adams in 1963 this theory means that any percieved inequity becomes a motivating state of mind. Foundation of equity is based on social comparison. People are motivated to behave in ways that restore or maintain equity in situations. Individual outcomes and individual efforts must be equal to other’s outcomes and other’s efforts then equity is in place once the equality comes outbounced then inequity can occur. Equity theory prediction: Felt negative inequityIndividual feels thath he has recieved relatively less than others in proportion to work inputs. Felt positive inequity Individual feels that he has recieved relatively more than others have. Equity restoration behaviours. Reduce work inputs Change the outcomes reciever Leave the situation Change the comparison points Psychologically distort things Try to change the efforts of the comparison person Organizational justice How fairly and equitably people see the practices of their workplace at the time. Every employees motivation is a multiplicative function of valence, expectancy and instrumentality.Goal seeking theory motivation was developed by Edwin A. Locke in the middle of 1960’s. Goal setting The process of developing, negotiating, and formalizing the targets or objectives that a person is responsible for accomplishing. Difficult goals are leading to more efficient and lasting performance than low goals. Specific goals are leading to a slightly raising performance than vague or giving ourselves a general goal. Feedback more likely task feedback is motivating people to produce a higher performance by setting of higher performance and more sophisticated goals.Goals are leading to higher performance when people have the abilities and the feelings of self-efficacy required to accomplish them. Goals are motivating people toward higher performance when they are accepted by the individual, and there is commitment ot them. Management by objectives (MBO) Process of joint goal setting between a supervisor and a subordinate. Firstly I would like to briefly introduce the Apple company and then th eir standards in staff motivation in progress. Apple was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne in 1976 in order to develop and sell PC’s.Steve Jobs died in 2011. He was the main engine of Apple Inc. and he showed them the way they should go in the future. Even though he had a cancer he was a fighter and solver. Apple Inc. and employee motivation and relationships. Apple shows the world its greatness for a period of time now. They are leading electronics market worldwide. And firstly I might want to point out the negative part of suppliers behaviour. Since the supplier’s employees are not an Apple’s employees they dont care about unethical behaviour in their suppliers factories in China or India.Particulary in China-Chenzen there is a supplier of many electronic selling brands called Foxconn. Foxconn employs about 500. 000 employees. And the suicide rate is about 60 employees per year. That is alarming number. But for worldwide leading companies t hat sells electronics it’s just a good business of low cost makeing of their product and high profit by selling it to consumer. This is the main issues of almost every corporation that founds it’s place or cooperates with already existing factories with employee base. While the economy is flowishing they expand to other socialy low parts of China or India.Employees at Foxconn for example are 12 old children that work from 12 to 16 hours a day. So in 2013 Apple Inc. which was making almost 70% of their devices in Foxconn in Chenzen China has made a statement and showed the world their suppliers. Foxconn was mentioned as an problem facility that has to take steps forward to eliminate unethical behaviour. Apple wants his suppliers to set the working hours to 60 hours in 6 days that makes maximum of 10 hours a day. Only 38% of suppliers commited to this. Foxconn wasn’t one of those companies.So that was the negative experience I have with Apple impact on ethical beh aviour of the coutrnies of third world. I studied Apple Inc. since middleschool. I made many eassays and reports about their business and internal functions like staff motivation, appreciation, development. Mainly Apple was built and carried through the rough times by legendary messiah Steve Jobs. Now its Tim Cooks turn to take over the vessel and head for the goals of the number one company in the world. If you look at apples employee motivation culture you can see that the theory of goal seeking took place here as a main push factor.The pull factor was the internal share sale for employees. Employees could buy shares for the lowest price given by apple. They couldn‘t participate on meeting or participate on strategical and main decisions of the headquarters. This is ment as a kind of benefit, bonus, incentive. Apple is mainly working on the management by objectives management and goal seeking theory. They give their employees the feeling of higher good. They give them a purp ose to proceed to better performance. Often in Apple Inc. employees were scared to walk in hall ways because they could meet Steve Jobs.When someone met with him, he always asked couple questions and sometimes he fired someone spontaneously that was called „to get Steveâ€Å". So employees even though they didnt know Steve but only their supervisors were scared of him, because of his changing behaviour. There are many operating teams that are working on the same things without knowing it. Thats the main advantage of motivating them. They solve the problem, but other team solved it in a better way. Their motivation rises because of competition made betweens those teams. They are doing alot of brainstorming with their supervisors even Steve was attending those.That gives employees a chance to present their ideas and even to protest the changes or procedures taking place. If I would implement the equity theory in Apple Inc. I would say that this motivating factor is always hidde n. It’s individual need but most people do care if another person gets a higher bonus for the same work with better effort or performance. So it’s highly motivating and won’t affect the other methods of motivation. Maslow’s needs theory is already in everybody. Every person has his needs. We have the same primary needs like sleeping, eating and drinking.But others have higher goals to improve themselves for themselves and their environs. This is also very individual basic employee has different needs than a manager or owner. Another theory that i mentioned in the first part of my eassay was goal seeking motivation theory that is already in text above. Apple Inc. esxists on this type of motivation since it was developed. Even though Steve Jobs died. And the last theory mentioned is Herzbergs two factor theory based on measuring the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of employee in their workplace also know as motivator-hygiene theory.I would like to say somet hing negative about apple’s motivation procedures but I can’t because it is just brilliant. The two factor is also part of the company management. Apple Inc. is recruiting only the best of best and they benefit those people and take care of them. Those people don’t need to change employers or sell the information to media. They are satisfied and often they are strongly commited to the company. Apple is like a big happy family that profits out of its shares and company salaries.Apple Inc.  is strong company that has strict rules and motivates their staff to improve their skills and inovative thinking. They grow their own profesionals in electronics and management. Apple deserves the main position on worldwide market of electronics. They have the best design and marketing in the world. They employ thousands of people all over the world. The key strategy of Apple was always to maintain on path that Steve Jobs showed them. I hope that in the future Apple will set a standard even for their suppliers of how to behave to their employees in ethical and fair way that should be human being treated. Figure 1. 1 Employee Motivation in Apple Corpotation AbstractThis essay was written on Employee motivation in Apple company. I pointed out couple motivation theories that were developed in order to show people the ways of motivating. First and base theory is Maslow’s hierarchy pyramid then there are Equity theories and Two factor theory. The most popular and efficient motivation theory is goal seeking motivation theory. This theory was made in order to motivate staff to seek new opportunities how to solve a problems or reach their goals.In the second part I introduced the apple company and their motivation standards and behaviour. I applied the rest of theories that i picked for this essay and company. Some motivation strategies were already a part of this company but some were not. As far as some motivations are part of ourselves.How do we react and what do we do to make ourselves better. Apple Inc. is one of the most developing company in human resources and management. In the first part of my essay I would like to point out c ouple theories that are often mentioned by many people as a main motivation at work.In second part I will apply theese mentioned theories to an Apple company in order to compare and evaulate the difference of their processing motivation standards and theories of employee and human motivation.Employee motivation is one of the main concernes of corporations theese days because of the main focus of employees on what can employer offer for my hard and efficient work. How do they motivate in order to reach higher standards and profits. What if I create a great added value for the company and they treat me the same without any bonus or raised wage? Same questions but in different ways has our future employer.Company theese days need mature, efficient, motivated and high-performance employees. Since the business has taken place on our planet. Came up a question? How do I motivate people? So now I am going to mention couple theories that are most likely often used by companies to motivate t heir employees.Motivation forces within the individual forces that account for the direction, level, and persistence of a person’s effort expended at work. Direction is the way where you channel your motivation. How do you apply the motivation. Then there is a level of motivation that meassures how much effort someone puts in motivating staff.Motivating persistence is the length of time a person or manager sticks with a given action. How long does it take to reach a goal. Types of motivation theories Content theories Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory Abraham Maslow first inctroduction of his theory took place in 1943 paper „A Theory of Human Motivationâ€Å".There are basically five levels of what humans need. Some are more important than others but basically follows a flow of certain needs that needs to be satisfied first before you can worry about other needs. The Maslow’s theory is often displayed as a Pyramid of needs.The bottom of the pyramid are th e primary human needs (Psychological) such as breathing, eating, sleeping, drinking water, sexual needs. Second floor of the pyramid also known as secondary needs are safety needs which means security of our body, health, the family or our employment.Third floor is named Love or belonging this floor includes friendship, family and sexual intimacy. Fourth floor of pyramid is called Esteem it covers self esteem, confidence,achievemtn, respect of others. Fifth floor is self actualization, this top of the pyramid is made of morality, creativity,spontaneity,problem solving.Another theory is Acquired need theory. Need for achievement. The desire to do something better or more efficiently, to solve problems, or to master complex tasks. Need for affiliation. The desire to estamblish and maintain friendly and warm relations with others. Need for power.The desire to control others, to influence their behaviour or to be responsible for others. Two factor theory also known as Herzberg’s motivation-hygiene theory and dual-factor theory was developed by Frederick Herzberg in 1959. Herzberg in study of individual needs and motivation developed this theory.The theory identifies two different factors as primary causes of job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction. Hygiene factors Sources of job dissatisfaction that can be found in context of our job or in the work we got set. Job dissatisfaction occurs when hygiene factors are poor.Improving the hygiene factors only decreases job dissatisfaction doesn‘t make profit in sales or financial sphere. Motivator factors Sources of job satisfaction to job content. Presence or absence of satisfiers or motivators in people’s jobs is the key to satisfaction, motivation, and performance.If we want to build more motivator factors in the job content we call it a job enrichment. Equity theory was developed by John Stacey Adams in 1963 this theory means that any percieved inequity becomes a motivating state of mind. Foundatio n of equity is based on social comparison.People are motivated to behave in ways that restore or maintain equity in situations. Individual outcomes and individual efforts must be equal to other’s outcomes and other’s efforts then equity is in place once the equality comes outbounced then inequity can occur. Equity theory prediction: Felt negative inequityIndividual feels thath he has recieved relatively less than others in proportion to work inputs. Felt positive inequity Individual feels that he has recieved relatively more than others have. Equity restoration behaviours. Reduce work inputs:Change the outcomes reciever.Leave the situation.Change the comparison points.Psychologically distort things.Try to change the efforts of the comparison person.Organizational justice.How fairly and equitably people see the practices of their workplace at the time. Every employees motivation is a multiplicative function of valence, expectancy and instrumentality.Goal seeking theory motivation was developed by Edwin A. Locke in the middle of 1960’s. Goal setting The process of developing, negotiating, and formalizing the targets or objectives that a person is responsible for accomplishing. Difficult goals are leading to more efficient and lasting performance than low goals.Specific goals are leading to a slightly raising performance than vague or giving ourselves a general goal. Feedback more likely task feedback is motivating people to produce a higher performance by setting of higher performance and more sophisticated goals.Goals are leading to higher performance when people have the abilities and the feelings of self-efficacy required to accomplish them. Goals are motivating people toward higher performance when they are accepted by the individual, and there is commitment ot them. Management by objectives (MBO) Process of joint goal setting between a supervisor and a subordinate. Firstly I would like to briefly introduce the Apple company and then the ir standards in staff motivation in progress. Apple was founded by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak and Ronald Wayne in 1976 in order to develop and sell PC’s.Steve Jobs died in 2011. He was the main engine of Apple Inc. and he showed them the way they should go in the future. Even though he had a cancer he was a fighter and solver. Apple Inc. and employee motivation and relationships. Apple shows the world its greatness for a period of time now.They are leading electronics market worldwide. And firstly I might want to point out the negative part of suppliers behaviour. Since the supplier’s employees are not an Apple’s employees they dont care about unethical behaviour in their suppliers factories in China or India.Particulary in China-Chenzen there is a supplier of many electronic selling brands called Foxconn. Foxconn employs about 500. 000 employees. And the suicide rate is about 60 employees per year. That is alarming number. But for worldwide leading companies tha t sells electronics it’s just a good business of low cost makeing of their product and high profit by selling it to consumer.This is the main issues of almost every corporation that founds it’s place or cooperates with already existing factories with employee base. While the economy is flowishing they expand to other socialy low parts of China or India.Employees at Foxconn for example are 12 old children that work from 12 to 16 hours a day. So in 2013 Apple Inc. which was making almost 70% of their devices in Foxconn in Chenzen China has made a statement and showed the world their suppliers. Foxconn was mentioned as an problem facility that has to take steps forward to eliminate unethical behaviour. Apple wants his suppliers to set the working hours to 60 hours in 6 days that makes maximum of 10 hours a day. Only 38% of suppliers commited to this. Foxconn wasn’t one of those companies.So that was the negative experience I have with Apple impact on ethical behavi our of the coutrnies of third world. I studied Apple Inc. since middleschool. I made many eassays and reports about their business and internal functions like staff motivation, appreciation, development.Mainly Apple was built and carried through the rough times by legendary messiah Steve Jobs. Now its Tim Cooks turn to take over the vessel and head for the goals of the number one company in the world. If you look at apples employee motivation culture you can see that the theory of goal seeking took place here as a main push factor.The pull factor was the internal share sale for employees. Employees could buy shares for the lowest price given by apple. They couldn‘t participate on meeting or participate on strategical and main decisions of the headquarters. This is ment as a kind of benefit, bonus, incentive.Apple is mainly working on the management by objectives management and goal seeking theory. They give their employees the feeling of higher good. They give them a purpose t o proceed to better performance. Often in Apple Inc. employees were scared to walk in hall ways because they could meet Steve Jobs.When someone met with him, he always asked couple questions and sometimes he fired someone spontaneously that was called „to get Steveâ€Å". So employees even though they didnt know Steve but only their supervisors were scared of him, because of his changing behaviour.There are many operating teams that are working on the same things without knowing it. Thats the main advantage of motivating them. They solve the problem, but other team solved it in a better way. Their motivation rises because of competition made betweens those teams. They are doing alot of brainstorming with their supervisors even Steve was attending those.That gives employees a chance to present their ideas and even to protest the changes or procedures taking place. If I would implement the equity theory in Apple Inc. I would say that this motivating factor is always hidden. Ità ¢â‚¬â„¢s individual need but most people do care if another person gets a higher bonus for the same work with better effort or performance.So it’s highly motivating and won’t affect the other methods of motivation. Maslow’s needs theory is already in everybody. Every person has his needs. We have the same primary needs like sleeping, eating and drinking.But others have higher goals to improve themselves for themselves and their environs. This is also very individual basic employee has different needs than a manager or owner. Another theory that i mentioned in the first part of my eassay was goal seeking motivation theory that is already in text above.Apple Inc. esxists on this type of motivation since it was developed. Even though Steve Jobs died. And the last theory mentioned is Herzbergs two factor theory based on measuring the satisfaction or dissatisfaction of employee in their workplace also know as motivator-hygiene theory.I would like to say something neg ative about apple’s motivation procedures but I can’t because it is just brilliant. The two factor is also part of the company management. Apple Inc. is recruiting only the best of best and they benefit those people and take care of them.Those people don’t need to change employers or sell the information to media. They are satisfied and often they are strongly commited to the company. Apple is like a big happy family that profits out of its shares and company salaries. Apple Inc. is strong company that has strict rules and motivates their staff to improve their skills and inovative thinking.They grow their own profesionals in electronics and management. Apple deserves the main position on worldwide market of electronics. They have the best design and marketing in the world. They employ thousands of people all over the world.The key strategy of Apple was always to maintain on path that Steve Jobs showed them. I hope that in the future Apple will set a standard ev en for their suppliers of how to behave to their employees in ethical and fair way that should be human being treated.